Window construction



Oct. 29, 1940. D. WILLIAMS 2,219,461

' WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Filed April 2, 193e 2 sheets-sheet `1 yr n T a Y ZC l me /4 /g Z 3 INVENTOR .fo/#N Q WML/AMS Z4? Z, /5 BT/ ATTORNEY y J. D. WILLIAMS WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Oct. 29, 1940.

Filed April 2, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 B/ Ma Z9. M

ATTORNEY Patented Oct. 29, 1940 PATENT oFFicE WINDOW CONSTRUCTION John D. Williams, Newport News, Va., assignor to Kearfott Engineering Co., Inc., New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application April 2, 1938, Serial No. 199,580

4 Claims.

The invention herein disclosed relates to a window construction and though not limited thereto, it is of especial utility in air-portV constructions of the type commonly known as the 5 pivotal air-port, that is, the type in which the closure member pivots about a transverse axis for opening and closing the air-port.

'Ihe pivotal type of air-port is more desirable than the swinging type in which the closure member is hinged to one side or the upper or lower edge of the port opening through the frame. In this latter type of air-port, the closure member swings into the stateroom and in consequence that portion of the room below or above l5 the port-hole or adjacent vthe port-hole on one side or the other must be left clear of any obstructions. In addition it is diflicult to provide permanently mounted screensk for such portholeFs. For this reason the pivotal port is pre- 20. ferred. But, as heretofore constructed, pivotal Vair-ports have certain serious disadvantages. Among these is the fact that in moving the pivoted closure member to open and close the porthole, there has not been a positive mechanism for holding the closure member in all positions. 1n consequence, there have been instances in which the wind acting on the closure member, which is commonly rotated manually, has caused the closure member to spin and in spinning it has injured the hand of the person manipulating it. Similar conditions have caused the closure member to wedge in the open position. Another disadvantage of the common pivotal air-port is the fact that the closure member in the open position is situated in the center of the opening and materially obstructs vthe opening.

By this invention, lthere is provided a pivotal window construction Ain which the closure member is operated through mechanism that is positive in its action, and in which the closure member is held in all positions, and in whichrthe pivoting of the closure member occurs in such a way that .in its successive positions the pivoting axis is moved farther and farther away from the center line of the opening, so that in its full open position the obstruction of the opening by the closure member is minimized. The operating mechanism operates on the closure member to effect lateral and pivotal movement oi the closure member and it is actuated through rotation oi a crank below the Window opening.

Such an air-port construction, embodying the invention, is disclosed in the accompanying 55 drawings in which: v

Fig.l 1 is a front elevation partly in section of an air-port;

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. l; and

Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation taken on the line 5 3-3 of Figpl.' f

The air-port illustrated in the drawings comprises a frame l of the shape illustrated and which includes a flange la having a series of holes lb therein for the purpose oi securing the 10 frame to the side I of a ship. The circular opening lo forming the port-hole has an annular groove Id therein in which there is mounted a gasket le.

Cooperating with the port-hole Ic there is a.15

'closure member 2 which consists of a circular metal frame 2a of channel shape in cross-section and a circular glass 2b carried by the frame. The frame has a bead 2c thereon which, in the closed position of the closure member, engages 20 the gasket le and forms a weather-tight closure. rIfhe closure member is operated to open and close the port-hole by a link mechanism. This vlink mechanism operates to move the closure member laterally and pivotally with respect to 25 the frame. The mechanism includes a bracket 3 that is secured to the frame of the closure member and that extends perpendicular to the frame oi the closure member. The bracket 3 has a slot 3a therein extending longitudinally` 30 thereof. Within this slot there is received a pivot l iixed to the frame I. One end of a link 5 is pivotally secured to the bracket at i5 between the rpivot t and the closure member. The other end of the link 5 is secured on a pivot 'i rotatably 35 mounted in the frame i. The pivot 'i extends ythrough the Wall of the frame and has secured on the other end thereoi a segmental worm gear 8. The Worm gear 8 meshes with a worm 9 mounted on a shaft ill that is rotatable in brack- 40 ets Il and l2 extending from the frame. This link mechanism is in the nature of a Watt straight line link motion. For rotating -the shaft Hl,'there is provided a crank handle I3 that may vbe rotated manually.

From the foregoing it will be seen that if the crank handle is rotated clockwise as seen in Fig. 1, the segmental gear 8 will be rotated clockwise as seen 1n Fig. 2 and the link 5 will be r0- tated with it. The initial movement of the end of the link 5 secured to the bracket 3 will be practically a straight line movement laterally of -the plane of the opening through the frame. Thus, the closure member will be moved laterally away iromtthe Agasket le and Vvsuch lateral movement will be suicient so that the closure member will be clear of the frame. Continued movement of the link will carry the pivot 6 in the arc around the pivot l and, in consequence, will cause the bracket 3 to pivot on the pivot 4. Since the pivot 4 is fixed to the frame, the closure member will be caused to rotate about the pivot 6 as an axis, the portion of the bracket 3 between the pivot 4 and the pivot 6 and the link 5 being in the nature of a toggle. The closure member will thus have a pivotal movement about the pivot 6 in a counter-clockwise direction as seen in Fig. 2. Such pivotal movement of the closure member 2 will continue until the left-hand side of the closure member as seen in Fig. 2 abuts against the righthand side of the edge of the opening through the frame. In this position, the closure member will be inclined to the axis of the port-hole.

The air-port is mounted on the ship, so that the left-hand side as seen in Fig. 2 is towards the forward end of the ship. Thus when the closure member is fully open, it acts as a wind scoop. It will be seen that by virtue of the toggle arrangement effected through the bracket 3 acting as a link, and the link 5, that the closure member is positively held by the actuating mechanism in every position it assumes from the full closed to the full open position.

For the purpose of stabilizing the action of the closure member under this link mechanism, the link mechanism, with the exception of the pivot 4 and its relation to the bracket 3 is duplicated at the diametrically opposite side of the closure member. On the upper side of the closure member as seen in Fig. l, there is provided a bracket I4 that is secured to the frame of the closure member. This bracket is pivotally connected ,to one end of a link I5, the pivotal connection between the link I5 and the bracket I4 being coaxial with the pivot G. The other end of the link i5 is secured to one end of a pivot or stub shaft it that extends through and that is rotatably mounted in a bracket I1 formed in the frame. The pivot I5 is coaxial with the pivot 'I'. Secured to the other end of the pivot I6 there is a crank i8 which is pivotally secured to one end of a connecting rod I9. The other end of the connecting rod i@ is pivotally connected to a crank 20 that is secured on one end of a shaft 2|. The shaft 2l is rotatably mounted on brackets 22 and 23 that extend from and are secured to the frame I. At the opposite end of the shaft, there is a crank 24 secured to the shaft and pivotally connected to one end of an adjustable connecting rod 25. The other end of the connecting rod 25 is pivotally secured to a crank 26 formed on the segmental worm gear 8. Thus, as the segmental worm gear 8 is rotated, the crank 25 moves the connecting rod 25 which rotates the shaft 2|, and through the crank 2l) and connecting rod I9 operates the crank I8. The pivot I6 is thus operated in accordance with the pivot 'l and the link I5 operated in accordance with the link 5. The Closure member thus oscillates about the pivotal connections between the bracket I4 and the link I5 and the bracket 3 and the link 5, these pivots being on diametrically opposite sides of the closure member.

From the foregoing description of the air-port construction disclosed in the drawings it will be seen that there is provided by this invention a pivotal air-port construction in which the closure member is at all times positively held by the operating mechanism and in which it is impossible for the wind or other forces to rotate the closure member. It will be noticed in this connection that the mechanism for operating the closure member is not reversible in the sense that a force applied to the closure member cannot effect movement of the closure member by operating the mechanism in a reverse direction and causing rotation of the crank. 'I'he worm and worm gear connection prevents any such operation. It will also be noted that there is provided an air-port closure of the pivotal type in which the closure member is operated by a hand crank that is mounted at one side of or below the port-opening. Thus it is unnecessary to touch the closure member directly.

Another fact that will be apparent from the foregoing description of the embodiment of the invention illustrated in the drawings is that the closure member in its pivotal movement, turns about the pivot 6 which is offset from the plane of the closure member and which moves in an arc about the pivot 1. Thus, the pivotal axis is, during the opening movement of the closure member, moved farther and farther away from the vertical center line of the port-opening through the frame I so that in its full open position, the closure member is to one side of the vertical center line of the opening leaving a wider unobstructed opening than is attained with the common pivotal air-port construction. v

It will be obvious that various changes may be made by those skilled in the art in the shape of the opening or in the details of the embodiment of the invention as disclosed in the drawings and described above Within the principle and scope of the invention as expressed in the appended claims.

I claim:

l. In a window construction, the combination comprising a frame having a Window-opening therethrough, a closure member for said windowopening mounted in said frame, and means for` moving said closure member relative to said frame to open and close the window-opening including a link pivotally mounted on the frame, a bracket having a slot therein secured to the closure member and pivotally connected to said link, a guide for said bracket mounted on the frame and extending into the slot in the bracket, and means for rotating said link to effect lateral and pivotal movement of said closure member.

2. A window construction comprising a unitary structure for mounting on a side wall of a ship including a frame mounted on said side wall having an aperture extending from the exterior to the interior of the ship, a closure member for said aperture mounted on said frame and exteriorly of said aperture, and means for moving said closure member laterally and pivotally with respect to said frame and exteriorly from the aperture including a fixed pivot on the frame, a

bracket fixed to said closure member and exte.

riorly thereof slidably and pivotally engaging said pivot, a link pivotally mounted on the frame and pivotally connected to said bracket, operable means mounted in said frame for rotating said link, and means connected to said operable means interiorly of said frame for effecting operation of said operable means.

3. A window construction adapted for air-ports for ships comprising an outer xed frame outlining the window opening, a sash member having a window pane and constituting a closure for said opening, diametrically opposed `radial pivots on the sash member oiset from the plane thereof, two axially alined pivots carried by the frame parallel to the sash pivots, one adjacent each sash Window pane and constituting pivot, a link connecting each frame pivot with its respective sash pivot, crank means for swinging the links about the axis of the frame pivots and thereby move the sash bodily about said axis, a bracket extending from Vthe sash in the axial plane of the sash pivots, and a stud carried by the frame having sliding pivotal connection with the outer end of the bracket, whereby the angular position of the sash relative to the frame is constrained as the sash is moved by said links.

4. A window construction adapted for air-ports for ships comprising an outer xedvframe outlining the window opening, a sash member having a a closure for said opening, a pair of external diametrically opposed radial pivots on the sashin a plane laterally oiset from rthe sash, a pair of axially alined pivots carried by the frame, one*` adjacent each sash pivot, in a plane outwardly offset from the sash slightly further than'the sash pivots, a link connecting each frame pivot with its respective sash pivot, and crank means for swinging the links about the axis of the frame pivots and thereby move the sash pivots in an arc about the said axis and eiect substantially a straight line axial bodily movement of the sash in proximity to the frame.

rJoHN D. WILLIAMS. 

